Struggles within the Younger family in the play A Raisin in the Sun - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1811 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/04/01 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: A Raisin in the Sun Essay Did you like this example? A raisin in the sun is a story and also a play that illustrates the struggles of a poor African American family who uses figurative language, symbols, and poems such as a way to relate to the audience and portray its relation to everyday issues incurred by people, especially African Americans. A family of five deals with poverty and consistently growing oppression of a black family whos moved in a small neighborhood in Southside Chicago. Throughout the play, the oppression and tension within the family grows from the frustration of waiting patiently for an insurance check from Walters death that is reliable to fix their financial needs for a better living, education, and personal wants. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Struggles within the Younger family in the play A Raisin in the Sun" essay for you Create order However, while waiting on the check, living in an dominant white neighborhood leads to the family encountering racial tensions that result in neighbors bribing the family with money to move out to keep it that way. Disregarding the idea, Walter and his family continues to crumble under the tension from the disposition of the money from the insurance check which starts to threaten his marriage, family, and his own business that he dreams of investing plenty more into. When Walter finally gets a portion of the check and puts it into the wrong hands, he is then put into a predicament that makes him consider taking his neighbors offer but then realizes the importance behind the money and denies the offer and aim for a better way of living. A Raisin in the Sun confronts not only racial but real life issues that African Americans have faced. With the family dysfunction, poverty, large family in the urban ghetto and the struggle. The characters also complete the story by depicting the strong, the weak, and the backbone of the African American family that either holds the family together or the one who creates conflict or tension but realizes the bigger picture or whats really important and unites with the rest of the family for a better living or in this case, to achieve a dream. African American families have dealt with issues with poverty and racism back in the 1950s like the author discusses in this story. Many African Americans encounter hardships and conflict in their lives because of their race. They have dealt with a lot of adversity and have been strong to overcome the issues they have been dealt. There is still a lot of poverty in the world today among African American families. Back in the 1900s African Americans were not able to vote, they were not able to ride in the front of the bus. They were not able to drink out of the same water fountain as white Americans and they also had a separate restroom to use. They worked jobs but were not able to support their families with much and that is why there was so many of them living in poverty. African Americans were slaves and had to work for white Americans who paid them little to nothing. Whites and blacks were not mixed they were always segregated. There were African Americans who fought hard for justi ce for blacks and they were the voices for them. Martin Luther King Jr. was a powerful man who fought hard for African Americans and had dealt with a lot of racism himself. African Americans who had to deal with poverty experienced other issues also just like the Younger family. With them being poor it had the family in turmoil because they all had dreams that they wanted to pursue but couldnt because they could not afford to. Poverty and racism continue to undermine our nations most basic promise of liberty and justice for all. Even as the 40th anniversary of his assassination approaches, Martin Luther King, Jr.s aspiration for America, a dream of a land where men [and women] of all races, of all nationalities, and all creeds can live together as brothers [and sisters] remains a dream as yet unfulfilled.2 Racism and poverty go hand and hand because people who are trying to get away from poverty are always judged and looked at differently. Not all people who are dealing with poverty are black you also have some white Americans dealing with poverty. The highest rates of poverty are among children, especially children of color. The poverty rate for white children is 10 percent, while it is 28 percent for Latino children, 27 percent for Native-American children, and 33 percent for African-American children.3. In the world today there are more people helping others so there is not as much poverty because there is so much assistance. In the story there were white Americans who did not want the Youngers to move into their neighborhood because they did not want any blacks in their neighborhood. There were times back in the 1950s when blacks could not eat on the same side as whites in restaurants. Blacks had to wait and be last and let the whites go before them. Rosa Parks was a black activist who went to jail because she refused to give up her seat on a bus to let a white person sit down. That was the beginning of a new era of life. Blacks had to suffer beatings and go to jail all because they were standing up for what they believed in. Black Americans were not able to vote back in the 1950s but so many of them have fought for the rights of African Americans to have the same as white Americans. Racial disparities play a part in healthcare also because there is poverty and many cant afford healthcare or the treatment if they are sick and need medications. Most people in poverty require assistance from the state suc h as Medicaid and food stamps to help support their family if they have one. The Younger family wanted to better themselves that is why when they got the insurance check the mom wanted to start by living in a better home. Dealing with racial issues when you have children you have to lead by example and that is why Walter denied the white guys money even though he needed it. In the story Walter worked for a white man as his chauffer and that was how it was. Black Americans were the maids, chauffers, butlers, and nannys to the white Americans. Walter and his family all dreamed of living a better life and was willing to work hard to fulfill their dreams. Blacks had to work much harder than whites to fulfill their dreams. There are many issues that people deal with when they are in poverty, not only racism but there are usually social issues. When families dont have a lot it tends to be animosity amongst each other. In the story when the insurance check came everyone had a plan for the money and that started a family feud. Walter wanted to invest the money to make money but ended up losing out on everything because the guy left town with his money. They dealt with social issues amongst each other but in the end they were united as one. When you are living in poverty there is only so much you can do. The money that you do receive you have to eat and if you have children which most people do they have to make sure they are fed. The Youngers lived in a roach infested crowded apartment and did not have much of a social life. They had nothing but dreams of becoming better people and leaving the ghetto. In this story there are many issues that the Younger family is dealing with. They dealt with racism, poverty, social and economical issues. The mother of the family seemed to hold the family together. There was a lot symbolism used in this story also. The mother showed the family how to stay united even though they were facing many adversities. The mother of the family was the glue that held everyone together because they were dealing with so much and everyone had a different dream. When facing so many adversities you have to stay focused on your dream and stay determined. Walter wanted to show his son that just beating segregation and not giving the whites the satisfaction of having power over blacks with their wealth and proving to his son about dignity and whats more important even though the money would have been helpful. This story could help someone who is dealing with racial discrimination or poverty issues and has dreams. The Younger family never gave up on their dreams and each one of them had a different dream. Even though they had some family issues after the insurance check came and they got the new home that united the family. When the family moves into the new home they are leaving so many memories behind and that will help them to look back and appreciate things more. The family did not let the fact that the whites did not want them in their neighborhood stop them. That was the mothers dream and she fulfilled it even when they were racially discriminated. They had many struggles of life but never gave in or let things defeat them. The mother of the story was faced with difficult decisions throughout the story but she made sure to keep her family united as one. The family wandered apart after feuding over the insurance check but the important part in the end is that they were united in their new house that the whites did not want them in. In the world today there are not as many people dealing with poverty and racism is not like it was before. Racism does still exist but nothing like back in the 1950s. White and blacks have all the same rights and the only difference in the two is the color of ones skin. The activist for African Americans worked really hard and made many sacrifices to make sure that all Americans were treated the same way not matter what. Things that happened in this story reflects back on the Civil Rights Movement and how hard they worked to get equal opportunities for all. In conclusion of this story, the Younger family overcame many obstacles that they were faced with. They were a poor black family that was determined to make it out of the ghetto and they did. Even though they were faced with family tension and racial discrimination they never gave up on their dreams for a better life. No matter what you are faced with you should never give up. This story described several adversities like racism and poverty but it also talks about dreams and family References Cited https://www.catholiccharitiesusa.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Policy-Paper-Poverty-and-Racism-1.pdf 2 Martin Luther King, Jr., A Testament of Hope, edited by Melvin Washington (San Francisco: Harper and Row, 1986) 208 3 U.S. Census data, 2005

Hamlet A Tragic Hero Essays - 873 Words

â€Å"A tragic flaw is an error or defect in the tragic hero that leads to his downfall.† (http://www.bedfordstmartins.com/literature/bedlit/glossary_t.htm) In the history of literature, if the question of who was the most indecisive character was brought up, Hamlet would be a prime candidate. Hamlet had numerous chances to reap revenge for his father’s death but was only able to follow through after the accidental murder of his mother. Hamlet’s inability to make a decision ultimately leads to his demise, and for that is his tragic flaw. What makes a tragic hero? Dr. Peter Smith, Associate Professor of English at Kentucky State University, broke the archetypical characteristics of a tragic hero down into six groups. Of the six, four will†¦show more content†¦Hamlet’s tragic flaw is his inability to act. We are first introduced to this flaw in Act I Scene iv through Act I Scene v. Hamlet encounters the apparition that appears to be his father in scene iv and agrees with Horatio and Marcellus that it does resemble the late king. When he is beckoned to follow the spirit, he does so only after questioning the spirit’s intent: â€Å"Be though a spirit of health or goblin damn’d/ Bring with thee airs from heaven or blasts from hell/ Be thy intents wicked or charitable†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Clark, 1014) He wonders if the spirit is truly his father or only the devil trying to trick him. In scene v the spirit tells him that he was murdered by his brother and that Hamlet must â€Å"revenge his [fatherà ¢â‚¬â„¢s] foul and most unnatural murder.† (Clark, 1015) Hamlet does not jump to conclusions but rather decides that he must prove his uncle’s guilt by having a play performed (Act III Scene ii) that emulates what may have happened when his father was killed. Claudius’ reaction will uncover his guilt or innocence. In the course of the play Claudius calls for the play to be stopped and leaves abruptly. Hamlet takes this to be a sign of guilt. In Act III Scene iii, Hamlet encounters his uncle alone, in his room, praying. As he prepares to kill his uncle, he realizes killing him while in prayer will save his soul and send him to heaven. His father was not able to repent before his death and neither should his uncle. Instead, heShow MoreRelatedHamlet As A Tragic Hero850 Words   |  4 Pagesas a hero if they revenge? Well In the novel Hamlet the author, William Shakespeare creates tragic events where his main character Hamlet has to overcome to achieve his goal of killing his evil uncle Claudius. â€Å"In life one has to do bad thing in order to be a hero,the hero also has to make sacrifices in order to be successful† (John Barrowman). In Shakespeare Hamlet, should hamlet be considered a tragic hero judging by him following the hero steps. Shakespeare proves that Hamlet was a tragic heroRead MoreHamlet, A Tragic Hero1003 Words   |  5 Pagesmemorable tragic hero’s Hamlet is the definition of a tragic hero. In the book, Hamlet, Shakespeare’s character hamlet is determined on killing his uncle the king. This goal proves to be challenging to him due to his morals. He often struggles with this throughout the book. This proves to be his downfall for not deciding to kill the king until the very end. A tragic hero has to have a fatal flaw that, combined with fate, brings tragedy. This is one of the key characteristics of a tragic hero. He hadRead MoreHamlet As A Tragic Hero1071 Words   |  5 Pages Hamlet as a Tragic Hero The Webster dictionary defines tragedy as, â€Å"a serious drama typically describing a conflict between the protagonist and a superior force and having a sorrowful or disastrous conclusion that excites pity or terror.† (Webster Dictionary) So a tragic hero is a character who goes through a conflict and suffers catastrophically as a direct result of his choices. You will see throughout this story that the character Hamlet is a clear example of Shakespeare’s tragic hero. ShakespeareRead MoreHamlet : A Tragic Hero995 Words   |  4 PagesHamlet: A Tragic Hero William Shakespeare is known through the ages as a brilliant playwright. He has written several comedies and tragedies that people have loved through decades. Shakespeare’s plays have been interpreted in many different ways and have been debated on which interpretation is correct. Some of these included even the basis of the character’s persona. In the Shakespearean tragedy Hamlet, the main protagonist, Prince Hamlet, is fated by the ghost of his late father that, becauseRead MoreHamlet as a Tragic Hero2505 Words   |  11 Pagesterror. A tragic hero, therefore, is the character who experiences such a conflict and suffers catastrophically as a result of his choices and related actions. The character of Hamlet is a clear representation of Shakespeares tragic hero, as he possesses all the necessary characteristics of such a hero. Hamlet is seen as a tragic hero as he has doomed others because of a serious error in judgment, also Hamlet is responsible for his own fat e and Hamlet has been endowed with a tragic flaw. TheseRead MoreHamlet As A Tragic Hero1305 Words   |  6 Pages Sympathy is a feeling of sorrow, pity, or understanding of someone else’s misfortune. Hamlet, in this case, is the tragic hero due to many different sources that cause the reader to have an immense amount of sympathy for him. A series of events such as murder, failed relationships, and all the madness, created the feeling of sympathy from the audience. These specific sources cause the reader to see the development of the overall themes of deceit, justice, and revenge. Deceit is one of the mainRead MoreHamlet; Tragic Hero3618 Words   |  15 Pages Hamlet; The Tragic Hero            Ã‚  Ã‚      In many plays there is always one person that is the tragic hero. They always possess some type of tragic flaw that in turn leads to their tragic deaths. In the Shakespearean play Hamlet the main character Hamlet is considered to be a tragic hero. By carefully analyzing the Shakespearean play Hamlet one can debate whether the main character Hamlet is a tragic hero. Although it is debatable whether or not Hamlet is a tragic hero, one wouldRead MoreIs Hamlet A Tragic Hero Essay961 Words   |  4 PagesTo be, or not to be: a hero. That is the question often asked of William Shakespeare’s tragedy, Hamlet: whether Hamlet II, Prince of Denmark, can be considered a hero. Throughout the play Hamlet proves himself to be a hero, although different from the usual sense of one. Hamlet is a tragic hero, â€Å"a great or virtuous character . . . who is destined for downfall, suffering, or defeat . . . who makes an error of judgment or has a fatal flaw tha t, combined with fate and external forces, brings on a tragedyRead MoreHamlet As The Tragic Hero Of The Play Hamlet 1314 Words   |  6 PagesIn order to better understand Hamlet one must first asses, and define man. According to webster dictionary a man is a male often having the qualities associated with bravery,script or toughness(site webster dictionary www.define a man.com here). We know the male figure is known to exhibit distinctive male traits such as strength, dignity, courage and be a provider and supporter. As seen in Hamlet one must understand the male figure to better understand Hamlet and why the male behave in such waysRead MoreHamlet: A Tragic Hero Essays697 Words   |  3 Pagestragedy of Hamlet, Shakespeare’s most popular and greatest tragedy, presents his genius as a playwright and includes many numbers of themes and literary techniques. In all tragedies, the main character, called a tragic hero, suffers and usually dies at the end. Prince Hamlet is a m odel example of a Shakespearean tragic hero. Every tragedy must have a tragic hero. A tragic hero must own many good traits, but has a flaw that ultimately leads to his downfall. If not for this tragic flaw, the hero would be

Management and Interpersonal Roles Free Essays

In this article Mintzberg reviewed that managing through people bringing them one step closer to managerial action instead of information roles. The author used Hawthorne’s organizational experiments as their data gained which demonstrated in 1930s to describe the importance of interpersonal roles. His research focused on the managerial roles, which are interpersonal, informational and decisional roles towards management. We will write a custom essay sample on Management and Interpersonal Roles or any similar topic only for you Order Now This article is useful for my research topic, as Mintzberg stated that interpersonal roles dealt with leadership. The main limitation of the article is that the author more concerned about leading. However, Mintzberg indicated that most of the managers seemed to spend most of their time in interpersonal roles. This article will help me to form the base of my research essay. Lamond,D. 2003, â€Å"Henry Mintzberg vs Henri Fayol: Of Lighthouses, Cubists and the Emperor’s New Clothes, The Journal of Applied Management and Entrepreneurship, vol 8, no. 4, pp. 5. In this article Liamond reviewed the management of Mintzberg as the nature of managerial work. Based on the author article, Mintzberg used structured observation techniques for his research. His article differentiates the management of Henri Mintzberg and Henri Fayol. This article is useful for my research topic, as Liamond explained how Mintzberg’s management works. The main limitation of this article is that the author used generalization as a description of his article. Thus, his article discusses the works of Mintzberg and Fayol theoretical understanding about managerial. This article will help me as additional information to my research. Mintzberg, H. 1975. The manager’s job: folklore and fact. Harvard Business Review, 53(4), pp. 49-61. In this article Mintzberg stated that there are 3 main roles in management, which are interpersonal roles, informational roles and decisional roles. Mintzberg studied and researched to maintain his point of view. His article focused on the manager’s job. This article is useful for my research topic by how Mintzberg separate those roles in detail. The limitation of this article is it doesn’t fully focus on my research topic, which are the interpersonal rules. However, he also gives us some important information about the various types of interpersonal roles. This article will help me to complete the base of my research topic. How to cite Management and Interpersonal Roles, Papers

Analyse the Macro Environment of Oman †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Analyse the Macro Environment of Oman. Answer: Introduction This is a report which portrays the personal computer market and the various products that are underperforming. Oman is one of the most liberal countries in the middle and the market of the personal computer is shrinking all over the world. The shrinkage in the personal market is also affected in Oman and the demand for general personal computers have decreased significantly. This is because of the fact that the thin line between the technological borders of different products have almost been diminished and all products have similar features in the modern era. The report will analyse the macro environment of Oman to identify the challenges and opportunities for the underperforming products in the market. Then the report will include themarketing strategy and mix for the underperforming products in the market. The report will deal with the various personal computers on the lower ranges which do not belong to gaming editions as they are mostly the underperformers. The shrinkage in the market of the personal computers will have to be mitigated by changing themarketing strategy for all the companies in the market. Macro environment analysis PESTLE analysis Political Economic Social High government stability Policy reforms is high Good international relation Internal security is high GDP growth rate is high Inflation is moderate Per capita income is moderate Interest rate is high Industrial production is high Foreign direct investment is high Population growth rate is moderate Unemployment rate is moderate Urbanization rate is high Corruption rate is high Labour cost is moderate Technological Legal Environmental Spending on research and development is high Technology transfer impact is high Impact of obsolete technology is medium Penetration of the online medium for business purposes is medium Connectivity through mobile is moderate Corporate tax impact is moderate Value added tax impact is medium Tax incentive impact is medium Impact of Kyoto protocol is moderate Impact of Euro emission standard is moderate Public opinion impact on green issue is medium Impact of opinion of the government on the pollution of water is medium Table 1 (Source: Esfandiary and Tabatabai 2017) The pestle analysis of Oman shows that the political environment of the country is stable and is one of the most liberal countries in the middle east. There is stability in the government of the country and the government is showing good amount of support to the business organizations in the country (Esfandiary and Tabataba 2017). The stability of the government has high impact on the business environment and there is growth in the economy of the country. The impact of policy reforms on the business market is high but the policy reforms taken by the government is for the betterment of the industrial development. The policy reforms are going in a positive direction and government has made policies for the growth of the business sector. International relations of the country are good and impact of international relation on the business is high (Rocha 2017). This had lead the advent of foreign multinational companies and investments which will facilitate in the growth of the company. Th e internal security of the country is very high and has a lot of impact on the business market and the companies in Oman are free to operate without any security issues. The economic conditions of the country show that the growth in the GDP is high and there is large impact of the GDP on the business market. The inflation rate is moderate and the impact of the inflation on the business market is medium (Al?Mataani, Wainwright and Demirel 2017). The income per capita of the country is good and is increasing which has a moderate effect on the business environment of the country. The interest rates in the business market is high and the is huge impact of the interest rates on the business environment. The industrial production of the country is also on the higher side and have a great impact on the business market. Foreign direct investment in the country is moderate but more and more FDI is coming in to the picture due to liberal government policies and schemes (Hackney, Al Habsi and Dey 2017). FDI has tremendous impact on the business market and part of the business is dependent on the foreign investments. The growth rate in the population of the country is medium and the impact of the population growth rate is also moderate. The rate of unemployment in the country is moderate and impact is also moderate (Al-Aufi, Al-Azri and Al-Hadi 2017). The rate of urbanization of the country is very high and Oman is rapidly moving towards urbanization. The impact of urbanization has great impact on the business environment and given opportunity to further develop the business market. However, the rate of corruption in the country is also high and this has significantly affected the business environment of the country (Alshubiri 2017). The cost of labour in the country is moderate and the impact of the labour cost is very much significant in the business environment of the country. The corporate tax and the value added tax for the country is stabilizing and so the impact of this taxes on the business environment is moderate (Gazdar, Grassa and Hassan 2017). However, the tax incentives in the country are increasing at a rapid rate and so the impact of the tax incentives on the business environment is high. Oman spends a lot of money on the research and development of the country and the impact of research and development has been positive on the business environment. The impact is relatively on the higher side which is the reason for the flourishing of the technological field in the country (Jabur and Bouazza 2017). Technology transfer is progressing at a rapid rate and there has been significant growth in this field. That is why there has been significant impact of technology transfer on the business environment. The usage of obsolete technology has become minimal and most of the companies have shifted to new advanced technology. However, the impact of using obsolete technology is moderate as online medium has emerged in the country. The penetration of the internet in the country is high and this highly impacted the business environment of Oman. The connectivity via mobile has increased significantly and this has helped the business environment of the organization. Thus, the mobile co nnectivity has significant impact on the business environment of the country (Thomas and Al-Humaidi 2017). The government of the country is very much concerned about the degrading environmental conditions in the country. The country has attempts to make sure that they are able to reduce the amount of green gas emission in the country. The country consists of major petroleum industry which causes the emission of greenhouse gases. The Kyoto protocol, Euro Emission Standard and other reforms show that the country has taken measure to improve the environmental condition. Marketing strategy The personal computer market has been shrinking in the past few years and the demand has been going down. However, the market for the gaming hardware and computers is still increasing at a rapid rate and so the companies have the opportunity to make to utilize this factor to customize this product and the change the target market for the personal computers. Segmentation The segmentation of the market is done based on the demographics, psychographics and the behavioural segmentation. However, the company will have to grab the attention of consumers who are relatively and technologically savvy. The companies will have to target consumers below the age of 30 who have an interest in gaming (Christopher, Payne and Ballantyne 2013). The demand of the gaming configuration is high in the personal computer segment so the hardware and the graphics quality of the product has to be changed. The new product will be made available in different colours to grab the attention of more and more consumers. The product will be priced at a mid-range and will have an extended product line where the same product can be brought with better configuration. The technology market is booming the country and there is high demand for gaming personal computers so the product will be altered based on that. Target market The target consumers for the product are the younger generations and the people who are interested in gaming. The market of professional gaming is increased significantly and the globalization of the professional gaming has motivated lot of people to buy gaming computers and be a professional gamer (Dadzie et al. 2017). The marketing will be niche marketing and the products will be only target towards gamers and those who are interested in gaming. Positioning The product will be positioned with a unique value proposition and will marketed towards the youth of the country who are interested in gaming (Schlegelmilch 2016). The position will include unique features for enhancement in gaming experience by using superior technology. Marketing Mix Product The product will be customized according to the needs of the consumers and as the target market is the gaming generation, the product will be technologically superior with extended product which will consist of variety of products in different colours (Murshid, Halim and Osman 2014). The hardware and the graphics interface of the product will be of very high quality which will enable the user as a smoother experience of gameplay. The product will consist of four fans which will prevent the system from overheating and can be used for long duration at a stretch. Pricing The pricing of the product will start form the medium range and will go up to the highest range available. The specification of the product will determine the price and as it has as extended product line with other products with different configuration the price range will be medium to high (Adner, Ruiz-Aliseda and Zemsky 2016). Promotion The online medium has entered the country and the popularity of the online medium will be put to use. The company will be using both the traditional medium and the online medium to promote the product. The product will be promoted by popular gamers who have made their name in their respective fields (Gengler and Mulvey 2017). Promotion will also be done with the help of the print media and advertisement. The company will sponsor gaming tournament to promote their new models which will improve their market penetration. Place The urbanization of the country has to lead to emergence of various premium locations and the stores are located in that premium areas. The company will be conducting test marketing in that areas to improve the knowledge and awareness of the consumers (Beke and Bach 2017). The companies have conducted survey in the country of Oman and have found out that the demand of the gaming personal computers is high all over the country. Thus, the company will target all the places where the demand of the products is high. Conclusion Thus, after evaluation of the macro environment of the country and the market it can be seen it is quite favourable for launching of a product in the field of technology. The demand of technological advanced computers and other machineries is high. Thus, the companies have the opportunity to reinvent their product to a gaming configuration to gain competitive advantage in the market. The product that has been developed is targeted towards a niche market where the configuration is made in such a way that it will improve the gaming experience and take it to a different level. The company will be implementing aggressive market strategy to improve the market penetration of the product. The company will be using professional gamers as the models to promote their products. The strategies if applied in a correct way will provide positive result for the company. However, there may be some contingencies os the company will have to be ready with back up strategy to ensure that if the strategy fails then the loss can be minimized. Thus, it can be concluded from the report that the market for personal computer is growing in Oman and companies can utilize it by innovating their product to gain competitive advantage in the market. References Adner, R., Ruiz-Aliseda, F. and Zemsky, P., 2016. Specialist versus generalist positioning: Demand heterogeneity, technology scalability and endogenous market segmentation.Strategy Science,1(3), pp.184-206. Al-Aufi, A.S., Al-Azri, H.M. and Al-Hadi, N.A., 2017. Perceptions of Information Literacy Skills Among Undergraduate Students in the Social Media Environment.International Information Library Review, pp.1-13. Al?Mataani, R., Wainwright, T. and Demirel, P., 2017. Hidden entrepreneurs: Informal practices within the formal economy.European Management Review. Alshubiri, F., 2017. The impact of green logistics-based activities on the sustainable monetary expansion indicators of Oman.Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management,10(2), p.388. Beke, G. and Bach, C., 2017. Demystifying McCarthys 4 Ps Of The Marketing Mix; To Be Or Not To Be. Christopher, M., Payne, A. and Ballantyne, D., 2013.Relationship marketing. Taylor Francis. Dadzie, K.Q., Amponsah, D.K., Dadzie, C.A. and Winston, E.M., 2017. How Firms Implement Marketing Strategies in Emerging Markets: An Empirical Assessment of The 4A Marketing Mix Framework.Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice,25(3), pp.234-256. Esfandiary, D. and Tabatabai, A.M., 2017. Scent of an Oman.Foreign Affairs. Gazdar, K., Grassa, R. and Hassan, M.K., 2017.Openness, culture, legal environment and Islamic finance(pp. 47-71). Edward Elgar Publishing. Gengler, C.E. and Mulvey, M.S., 2017. Planning pre-launch positioning: Segmentation via willingness-to-pay and means-end brand differentiators.Journal of Brand Management,24(3), pp.230-249. Hackney, R.A., Al Habsi, Z.S. and Dey, B., 2017. The Dynamic of Value Co-Creation and its interrelationship with employer branding: a study on the hotel industry in Oman. Jabur, N. and Bouazza, A., 2017. Harmonizing information users' readiness with the digital information environment.Qualitative and Quantitative Methods in Libraries,3(3), pp.653-659. Murshid, M.A., Halim, M.S.B.A. and Osman, A.B., 2014. Assessing the relationship between marketing mix strategy and physicians' satisfaction through perceived value in Yemeni pharmaceutical industry.Advances in Environmental Biology, pp.662-675. Rocha Menocal, A., 2017. Political Settlements and the Politics of Transformation: Where Do Inclusive Institutions Come From?.Journal of International Development,29(5), pp.559-575. Schlegelmilch, B.B., 2016. Segmenting Targeting and Positioning in Global Markets. InGlobal Marketing Strategy(pp. 63-82). Springer International Publishing. Thomas, M.K. and Al-Humaidi, S., 2017. Neoliberalism, discourse, and educational technology in Oman.INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY.